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Langages
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The Explanation of Homonymy in the Lexicon of Arabic
The
Explanation of Homonymy in the Lexicon of Arabic
01
GCOI
29021100217150
1
A01
Abderrahim Saguer
Saguer, Abderrahim
Abderrahim
Saguer
2
A01
Georges Bohas
Bohas, Georges
Georges
Bohas
01
eng
192
00
192
03
11
192
03
20
langue arabe;Lexique
24
ENS Internet -site
Linguistique
01
05
01
Dès le début de la pensée grammaticale arabe, l'homonymie a été identifiée comme une propriété remarquable du lexique cette langue, pourtant, personne n’a pu en proposer d’explication satisfaisante. Ce n’est qu’en se situant au niveau submorphémique comme le fait la Théorie des Matrices et des Étymons, que l’on peut parvenir à expliquer l’homonymie
01
<p>
The phenomenon of homonymy appeared at the conceptual beginnings of Arabic grammar. In the chapter devoted to the relationship between form and lexical meaning in the<em> kitâb by Sîbawayhi </em>we read that it is possible to find in the spoken language of the Arabs "two concordant forms although the meanings differ, when you say:<em> wajadtu ῾alayhi </em>(I felt resentment against him), which comes from <em>al-mawjidatu </em>(resentment) and<em> wajadtu</em> (I found) if you look at<em> wijdāna l-ḍāllati</em> (to find the lost animal). Examples of this kind are numerous". Throughout the centuries nobody has been able to provide a satisfactory explanation of this phenomenon.<br />
Standard linguistic studies restrict themselves to the level of the root, whereas this phenomenon can only be accounted for at the submorphemic level. As posited in the Theory of Etymons and Matrices (TME), the minimal phonetic units of the lexicon are not phonemes but phonetic features and the minimal units of sound and meaning are not morphemes but matrices composed of vectors of phonetic features correlated to a notional invariant.<br />
In this book we account for some fifty roots (in the traditional meaning of the term). Such a large number cannot be dismissed as just a handful of convenient examples chosen for the purpose. Within the framework of TME, homonymy is thus an ordinary phenomenon which is predicted and explained by the theory and every case of homonymy will have an explanation once the entire lexicon has been described.</p>
<p>
</p>
<p>
</p>
<p>
</p>
03
<p>
The phenomenon of homonymy appeared at the conceptual beginnings of Arabic grammar. In the chapter devoted to the relationship between form and lexical meaning in the<em> kitâb by Sîbawayhi </em>we read that it is possible to find in the spoken language of the Arabs "two concordant forms although the meanings differ, when you say:<em> wajadtu ῾alayhi </em>(I felt resentment against him), which comes from <em>al-mawjidatu </em>(resentment) and<em> wajadtu</em> (I found) if you look at<em> wijdāna l-ḍāllati</em> (to find the lost animal). Examples of this kind are numerous". Throughout the centuries nobody has been able to provide a satisfactory explanation of this phenomenon.<br />
Standard linguistic studies restrict themselves to the level of the root, whereas this phenomenon can only be accounted for at the submorphemic level. As posited in the Theory of Etymons and Matrices (TME), the minimal phonetic units of the lexicon are not phonemes but phonetic features and the minimal units of sound and meaning are not morphemes but matrices composed of vectors of phonetic features correlated to a notional invariant.<br />
In this book we account for some fifty roots (in the traditional meaning of the term). Such a large number cannot be dismissed as just a handful of convenient examples chosen for the purpose. Within the framework of TME, homonymy is thus an ordinary phenomenon which is predicted and explained by the theory and every case of homonymy will have an explanation once the entire lexicon has been described.</p>
<p>
</p>
<p>
</p>
<p>
</p>
02
The phenomenon of homonymy appeared at the conceptual beginnings of Arabic grammar. In the chapter devoted to the relationship between form and lexical meaning in the kitâb by Sîbawayhi we read that it is possible to find in the spoken language of the Arabs "two concordant forms although the meanings differ.
04
<p>
1. Some forgotten yet obvious points<br />
I. Introduction<br />
II. First series of facts: alternations involving glides and identical consonants<br />
CjCiCi, CjW/YCi, CjCiW/Y, WCjCi<br />
III. Second series of facts: presence/absence of a guttural<br />
IV. Third series of facts: paradigms including two initial consonants<br />
V. Fourth series of facts: presence/absence of r, m, n, in the initial position</p>
<p>
<br />
2. The Theory of Matrices and Etymons<br />
I. Introduction<br />
II. The phonetic component of the matrix<br />
III. Articulation of the notional fields</p>
<br />
<p>
3. Homonymy<br />
I. Understanding the problem<br />
II. Explanations</p>
<p>
4. The Explanation of Homonymy in the Theory of Matrices and Etymons<br />
I. Homonymy resulting from blending<br />
II. Homonymy by realization of multiple matrices in one etymon<br />
III. Homonymy due to the possibility of many etymonial analyses<br />
IV. Case study: the radicals with initial n</p>
<br />
<p>
5. Elaboration of the theory: levels of explanation<br />
I. Introduction: l prefix or crement ?<br />
II. Explanation through the identification of the parent matrix<br />
III. Explanation through identification of the parent etymon</p>
<p>
<br />
6. Case study: radicals with the initial l<br />
I. laḥana<br />
II. lasa'a<br />
III. laṣafa and laṣifa<br />
IV. lasaba and lasiba<br />
V. laḥafa</p>
<br />
<p>
7. Case study: radicals with initial m<br />
I. Introduction: the status of the m<br />
II. Two meanings<br />
III. Three meanings<br />
IV. Four meanings<br />
V. n meanings</p>
<p>
<br />
8. Case study: radicals with an initial r<br />
I. Introduction: the status of the r<br />
II. Two meanings<br />
III. Three meanings<br />
IV. n meanings</p>
<br />
<p>
9. Case study: radical with initial t<br />
I. Introduction: the status of the initial t<br />
II. n meanings</p>
<p>
<br />
10. Case study: radical with initial s/š<br />
I. The status of s and š<br />
II. Two meanings<br />
III. Three meanings<br />
IV. n meanings</p>
<br />
<p>
11. Consequence: the explanation of enantiosemy<br />
I. The solution through blending<br />
II. Case Study</p>
<p>
Conclusion</p>
<p>
Annex 1. Table of phonetic features<br />
Annex 2. List of radicals analyzed in this work<br />
Bibliography</p>
<p>
</p>
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http://catalogue-editions.ens-lyon.fr/resources/titles/29021100217150/extras/The_Explanation_of_Homonymy_AP_mail.pdf
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<p>
L'homonymie est largement répandue dans le lexique de l’arabe. Le livre se propose d’expliquer le phénomène. Pour ce faire, il se situe aux niveaux submorphémiques (matrice et étymon), tels que les organise la Théorie des matrices et des étymons (TME).<br />
Après une présentation du cadre théorique, trois types d’explication sont proposés. On passe ensuite à l’étude de cas, cette étude permettant d’affiner le modèle d’explication. Au total, on rend compte de l’homonymie dans 128 radicaux, ce qui met bien en valeur la capacité descriptive et explicative de la TME.</p>
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<p><em>Dirigée par Bernard Colombat et Cécile Van den Avenne</em></p> <p>Cette collection se veut le reflet des différents courants et secteurs constitutifs aujourd'hui des sciences du langage. Elle est tout autant un lieu de réflexion sur l'activité linguistique et l'épistémologie des sciences du langage qu'un lieu de publication des résultats importants acquis par les équipes européennes de linguistique. Elle accueille donc les grands courants de la recherche en linguistique sans a priori ni ostracisme. Elle s'intéresse en particulier à la diversité des langues naturelles comme champs d'exploration posant des interrogations soit spécifiques soit susceptibles de véritablement fonder une réflexion théorique généralisante.<br /> Une série spécifique, intitulée « Histoire des réflexions sur le langage et les langues », a été créée en 2010.</p>
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<p>This collection is intended to reflect the various trends and sectors which make up the language sciences today. It is both a platform for reflection on linguistic activity and the epistemology of language sciences and a forum for publishing significant results obtained by European linguistic research teams. It therefore includes the major trends in linguistic research without prejudice or exclusion. It places a particular emphasis on the diversity of natural languages as areas for exploration by posing questions which are either specific or likely to provide a genuine basis for theoretical reflection of a general nature.<br /> A dedicated series, entitled "Histoire des réflexions sur le langage et les langues", was created in 2010.</p> <p></p>
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